1. Support of Local Mitigation Planning
The Confederated
Tribe of the Umatilla Indian Reservation is a sovereign nation, and its Board of
Trustees is the governing body of the reservation.
There are no other local jurisdictions located within the reservation’s boundaries.
The Umatilla Indian
Reservation is physically located within
Umatilla County
and is located near several small cities.
During the development of the Umatilla Indian Reservation Hazard Mitigation Plan,
other hazard mitigation plans were reviewed including the state of
Oregon
’s and
Umatilla
County
’s draft hazard mitigation plan. Hazard mitigation plans of nearby cities were in
various stages of completion and thus, were not available for review at the time
this plan was developed. However, the consultant responsible for preparing the hazard
mitigation plans for nearby cities was a part of the Umatilla Indian Reservation
Hazard Mitigation Plan planning team. Opportunities for joint mitigation ventures
were considered and incorporated into some of the Tribe’s mitigation measures.
2.
Local Plan Integration and Prioritizing Local Assistance
CFR
§201.4(c)(4)(ii) requires
the state to describe the process and timeframe by which the local plans will
be reviewed, coordinated, and linked to the State Mitigation Plan. Because this hazard mitigation plan covers
only the Umatilla Indian Reservation and no other jurisdictions reside within the
reservation’s boundaries, this requirement does not apply.
Also,
CFR
§201.4(c)(4)(iii) requires state plans
to include
criteria for prioritizing
communities and local jurisdictions that would receive planning and project grants
under available funding programs.
Like the previous criterion,
CFR
§201.4(c)(4)(iii) does
not apply to the Umatilla Indian Reservation Hazard Mitigation Plan.
3.
Coordination with Other Hazard Mitigation Plans
A coordinated
approach to hazard mitigation helps assure that money spent on mitigating hazards
is used efficiently and that the efforts by jurisdictions to become more disaster
resistant do not conflict. This section
presents mitigation measures from the Umatilla Indian Reservation Hazard Mitigation
Plan, the Oregon Enhanced Natural Hazards Mitigation Plan, and the draft Umatilla
County Hazard Mitigation Plan. All
of the mitigation measures contained in the tribe’s and county’s plans are presented. Only those mitigation actions in the
state’s plan that apply to or will affect
Umatilla County
and the Umatilla Indian Reservation were included in the list below.
As a result of reviewing mitigation actions from the state and county, the
TERC added a number of mitigation measures and modified others to make the Reservation
more disaster resistant and to better coordinate their efforts with those of the
state and county.
A – All-Hazard Mitigation Measure Comparison
UIR Haz Mit Plan
Oregon Haz Mit Plan
Umatilla Co. Haz Mit Plan
|
Prepare and distribute one or more multi-hazard
informational and safety preparedness brochures (ex. Wahkiakum Co, IBHS) that address
provide instructions for reducing the effects of all hazards that present medium
and high threats to the reservation
MH-1
|
Improve and sustain public information and education programs aimed at mitigating
natural hazards
|
Promote hazard safety education
|
|
Prepare emergency information displays to be
used in public buildings
MH-7
|
Enhance coordination of hazard mitigation planning with local comprehensive planning
|
Create a public awareness campaign regarding
natural hazards and tools to achieve disaster resistance
|
|
Prepare hazard mitigation presentations for
use at tribal commission and commission meetings
MH-6
|
Improve scientific and technical knowledge for hazard mitigation applications
|
Utilize a central location for the Umatilla
County EOC in order to create a regional emergency management and information hub
|
|
Make presentations at local schools about hazard
preparedness, and what to do in case of an emergency (who to contact, etc.).
MH-9
|
Promote a state disaster and hazard mitigation fund to assist local governments’
mitigation and response efforts
|
Develop a County
GIS
Department to oversee map generation and upgrades of current and future hazard prone
areas
|
|
Maintain a hazardous events section on the
CTUIR website devoted to informing people living and working on the reservation
about measures that can be taken to prevent impacts
from those hazards that threaten the reservation.
Also, provide information about disaster preparedness.
MH-4
|
Develop a “benchmark” for a disaster resilient state
|
|
|
Identify opportunities for partnering with
citizens, private contractors, and other jurisdictions to increase availability
of equipment and manpower for efficient responses to hazardous events.
MH-5
|
Take the steps required to receive FEMA approval of this state Natural Hazards
Mitigation Plan as
an “Enhanced State Mitigation Plan” under 44
CFR
201.5
|
|
|
Develop a government continuity plan that
details how core governmental operations will be maintained in the event of an emergency.
MH-3
|
Promote a state disaster and hazard mitigation fund to assist local governments’
mitigation and response efforts
|
|
|
Prepare a business continuity plan that
helps maintain the Tribe’s economy during and after a disaster.
MH-2
|
|
|
|
Require real estate disclosures for properties
where past hazard damage has occurred.
MH-8
|
|
|
|
Collaborate with neighboring jurisdictions
to create a regional emergency management and information hub.
MH-10
|
|
|
|
Work with the National Weather Service to satisfy
the criteria to have the Umatilla Indian Reservation be declared “Storm-Ready.”
MH-11
|
|
|
B - Flood Mitigation Measure Comparison
UIR Haz
Mit Plan
Oregon Haz Mit Plan
Umatilla Co. Haz Mit Plan
|
Identify locations on the reservation where
structural hazard control projects, such as debris basins and retention ponds, could
be constructed to reduce future flood threats.
|
Continue promoting the
CRS
program throughout the state
|
Seek landowners willing to develop conservation
easements and riparian planting within mapped and unmapped flood plain areas
|
|
Devise a voluntary program to assist home
owners with structures that have previously flooded with options to protect their
homes from future flood damage. This
program will be designed to offer options that eliminate the threat from flooding
such as elevation, acquisition and relocation of structures from flood hazard areas.
|
Continue seeking effective hazard mitigation opportunities compatible with habitat and fisheries protection via multi-objective
mitigation efforts
|
Identify areas able to absorb high-velocity
stream flows without impacting investments (i.e. re-establish or create artificial
floodplains). Establish connectivity
and diversion infrastructure to be utilized during high water events to divert high
water to these areas
|
|
Update and then adopt floodplain ordinances
that comply with the requirements of the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP)
in order to make available flood insurance to property owners within the reservation.
|
Promote “flood fight” plans and protocols
|
Develop a database of all landowners within
FEMA
FIRM
designated areas in the county. Use
database to distribute outreach information and emergency notices related to flooding
|
|
Consider joining the Community Rating System
(CRS) once the reservation joins the
NFIP. The
CRS
is a program that rewards jurisdictions that are pro-active in mitigating future
flood damage. Property owners in jurisdictions
that participate in the
CRS
receive lower flood insurance premiums.
|
Establish and maintain a priority ranking system for properties for flood mitigation
actions
|
Identify and map canyons and draws susceptible
to high-water and flash flood event but not located on FEMA
FIRM
maps. Upgrade Flood Hazard Overlay
Zone to limit development within those areas
|
|
Consider replacing the culvert and deepen
the channel to allow the passage of all flows associated with flooding caused by
Mission Creek (Gardenhire).
|
Require fish passage at all new and replaced structures
|
|
|
Establish a berm along the upstream side
of the bench in Cayuse, including the area of the "plug"(Gardenhire).
|
Riparian Lands Tax Incentive Program
|
Identify public and private bridges susceptible
to collecting flash flood debris. Prioritize
bridge improvements and/or replacement
|
|
For full protection to access the Cayuse
area, a new, higher bridge would probably need to be built (Gardenhire).
|
Implementation of the Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program in
Oregon
|
|
|
A more likely scenario – move the affected
people out of danger, by relocating threatened homes (Gardenhire).
|
Implementation of OWEB’s Small Grant Program
|
|
|
Move affected people out of danger by relocating
threatened homes in Thornhollow and Gibbon (Gardenhire).
|
Implementation of DEQ’s “319” Grant Program
|
|
|
Identify measures to mitigate erosion of
the county road serving Upper McKay Creek (Gardenhire).
|
Complete a statewide evaluation of the condition of levees, dikes, and dams built
for flood control purposes
|
Attain funding to upgrade existing levees
and berms to USACE standards to assure continuing flood protection
|
|
Elevate bridges or remove gravel in Squaw Creek, where the railroad and county road
bridges are too low to pass flood flows (unless recent gravel clearance has been
accomplished) (Gardenhire).
|
Develop effective means and information to minimize erosion of soils and streambanks
during flood events of varying magnitude
|
|
|
Pursue vegetation and restoration practices
that assist in enhancing and restoring the natural and beneficial functions of the
watershed.
|
Improve watershed management practices
|
|
|
Develop education and outreach programs
that focus on protecting natural systems as a mitigation activity
|
Develop a statewide strategy to encourage the purchase of flood insurance
|
|
|
|
Seek funding for the installation and operation of additional stream gauges
|
|
|
|
Seek funding for the installation and operation of additional precipitation gauges
|
|
|
|
Develop a model “Substantial Improvement/Substantial Damage” program to support
local government regulation of floodplain development
|
|
|
|
Develop guidance on determination of mudslides/mudflow triggers and relation to
rain/flood events
|
|
The mitigation
measures provided by all three jurisdictions are designed to help reduce damages
from flooding. None of the mitigation
measures conflict.
C - Winter Storm Mitigation Measure Comparison
UIR Haz Mit Plan
Oregon Haz Mit
Plan
Umatilla Co. Haz Mit Plan
|
Replace existing power lines with heavier T-2
line, shorter spans, and heavier poles and crossbars. It is estimated this will
increase the overall strength of power distribution lines by 66%.
|
Educate motorists on safe winter driving practices
|
Complete necessary tasks to obtain a NOAA
NWS
Storm Ready rating
|
|
Burying utility lines. This removes the risk
of power outages due to ice accumulation or tree limbs bringing down power lines.
|
Encourage citizens to prepare and maintain 72-hour kits
|
Identify opportunities to advance NOAA
NWS
warning coverage via wireless and non-wireless infrastructure
|
|
Pruning trees away from power lines and enforcing
policies regarding tree limb clearances.
|
Educate citizens about the different National Weather Service announcements
|
Implement a Tone Alert Radio program to
provide TARs to all schools, communications stations and other interested private
and public entities to increase advanced warning capabilities of NOAA
NWS
and UCEM
|
|
Develop a contingency plan for responding to
widespread power outages due to severe storms.
|
Educate citizens about safe emergency heating equipment
|
Assess snow removal capabilities of
Umatilla County
. Provide funding for snow removal
equipment in areas with minimal or no snow removal capabilities
|
|
|
Educate citizens about ways to weatherize their homes
|
|
|
|
Educate citizens about the dangers of hypothermia and other winter health conditions
|
|
|
|
Educate farmers about ways to protect livestock from the effects of winter storms
|
|
|
|
Educate homeowners about choosing ice and windstorm-resistant trees and landscaping
practices to reduce tree-related hazards in future ice storms
|
|
|
|
Educate motorists who plan to travel over mountain passes in winter about the need
to
be prepared
|
|
|
|
Update
Oregon
’s snow load analysis to more accurately measure snow pack and resulting snow loads
|
|
The mitigation
measures provided by all three jurisdictions are designed to help reduce damages
from severe winter storms. None of
the mitigation measures conflict.
D - Wildfire Mitigation Measure Comparison
UIR Haz Mit Plan
Oregon Haz Mit
Plan
Umatilla Co. Haz Mit Plan
|
Adopt and apply state wildfire protection
measures for all new development within the Umatilla County Community Wildfire Protection
Plan’s designated high and medium wildland-urban interface (WUI) areas.
|
Continue high priority on initial attack on fires as they start in high-risk WUI
zones
|
Work with agriculture and conservation groups
to establish fire buffers between both forest and range wildland urban interface
areas
|
|
Continue implementation of the Umatilla
County Community Wildfire Protection Plan
|
Leverage grant funds to build initial attack capacity in high risk interface areas
|
Utilize UCEM to dedicate resources to full
time fire prevention planning and education
|
|
Develop a program that promotes retrofitting
home roofing, siding with noncombustible materials and double-pane fire-resistant
glass windows
|
Develop, enhance and implement education programs designed to mitigate the wildfire
hazard and reduce wildfire losses
|
Work with citizens of
Umatilla County
to assure that all areas are protected under a rural fire district
|
|
Develop a reservation slash pickup or chipping
program in WUI designated areas where housing exists. Promote thinning/pruning/tree
removal/clearing on private property
|
Update and improve wildland interface maps
|
Identify substandard interface access roads
and provide incentive funding to bring roads up to current fire & life safety
standards
|
|
Within designated WUI areas, ensure adequate
access/egress roads for fire-fighting vehicles.
|
Develop a matrix of current SB 360, National Fire Plan, and other wildfire interface
mitigation projects to improve collaboration and reduce duplicative efforts
|
Provide logistics and grant writing support
to Meacham Volunteer Fire Department to build a fire station that allows all equipment
to be stored at a central location
|
|
Within designated WUI areas, provide emergency
access/egress road signs and maps for homeowners living in remote areas on the reservation
|
Analyze ignition probability statistics to target mitigation efforts at leading
causes
|
Complete feasibility studies of biomass
potential on forest lands. Create
incentive funding to test biomass technology in
Umatilla
County
|
|
Inventory existing water supplies on the
reservation suitable for use in fighting fires
|
Develop a risk assessment methodology
|
Complete Upland Storage Ponds for wildlife
benefit and to be used during wild land fire suppression efforts
|
|
Develop a public education and community
outreach program that promotes fire safety and home protection from wildfires.
|
Increase the number of local governments using the Wildfire Hazard Zone process
to mitigate wildfire risk and losses
|
|
|
Educate private property owners on limitations
of bridges and dangers associated with the use of fire equipment used in extinguishing
wildfires.
|
Notification plan for air quality and health impacts from wildfire
|
|
|
Develop a process to encourage private property
owners to upgrade their bridges to support the weight of fire trucks and emergency
vehicles.
|
On a priority basis, implement the Oregon Forestland-Urban Interface Fire Protection
Act of 1997 (Senate Bill 360) in additional counties
|
|
|
|
Prioritize communities at risk and - in collaboration with local coordination groups
- seek to implement high priority interface fire mitigation projects
|
|
|
|
Reduce fuels and develop community fuel breaks in high risk, high priority wildland
interface areas
|
|
|
|
Develop a plan to ensure and maintain initial attack capability in high-risk wildland
interface areas
|
|
The mitigation
measures provided by all three jurisdictions are designed to help reduce damages
from wildfires. None of the mitigation
measures conflict.
E - Drought Mitigation Measure Comparison
UIR Haz Mit Plan
Oregon Haz Mit Plan
Umatilla
Co. Haz Mit Plan
|
Prepare a plan for use during severe drought conditions that
identifies water conservation measures to be imposed by the Tribal government.
|
Provide technical assistance to local governments on effective methods of water
use curtailment
|
Complete 2050 Water Management Plan
|
|
|
Encourage local governments to inter-tie water systems
|
Utilize
Columbia River
water for replacement of certificated groundwater irrigation rights
|
|
|
Provide training on water conservation measures to farmers and ranchers, including
drought management practices for crops and livestock
|
Provide funds for groundwater studies to
ensure water resource sustainability
|
|
|
Provide technical assistance and low-interest loans to farmers and ranchers so that
they can develop livestock watering systems
|
Complete settlement of CTUIR water claims
and maximize benefit of Phase III infrastructure
|
|
|
Increase storage of water, especially off stream storage
|
|
|
|
Change state land use laws to better connect use of land with water supply
|
|
|
|
Determine where additional aquifer studies might lead to greater water supplies
and
also how to fund these studies
|
|
None of the mitigation
measures conflict.
F - Dust Mitigation Measure Comparison
UIR Haz Mit Plan
Oregon Haz Mit Plan
Umatilla
Co. Haz Mit Plan
|
DS-1
Promote development of erosion control management plans and incentives in areas
where blowing dust is known to create a hazard for the traveling public (Oregon
State Natural Hazard Mitigation Plan).
|
Learn from research underway at
Washington State University
about the latest methods of
wind erosion prediction, and apply learning to reduce blowing dust hazards
|
|
|
DS-2 Expand and use the Emergency
Alert System (EAS) to provide timely information to the traveling public about hazardous
blowing dust conditions.
|
Determine the effectiveness of
EAS
in dust prone areas at providing timely information to the traveling public about
dangerous blowing dust conditions and make improvements if needed
|
|
|
DS-3 Explore
methods of improving communication of hazardous blowing dust conditions between
public safety answering points, ODOT, OSP, and local law enforcement agencies.
|
Explore ways of improving communication of hazardous blowing dust conditions between
public safety answering points, ODOT, OSP, and local law enforcement agencies
|
|
|
|
Provide additional information
to the traveling public about dust storm driving safety
|
|
|
|
Consider developing procedures for escorting traffic through dust storms
|
|
|
|
Determine the feasibility of spraying natural materials on fields to reduce blowing
dust;
share findings with agricultural producers and natural resource agencies in dust
prone areas of the state
|
|
|
|
Promote agricultural practices that are known to reduce erosion of soil by wind,
thereby reducing the frequency and magnitude of dust storms
|
|
|
|
Promote development of erosion control management plans and incentives in areas
where blowing dust is known to create a hazard for the traveling public
|
|
The TERC suggests adopting two of the mitigation measures from the Oregon State
Hazard Mitigation Plan to help reduce the impacts from dust storms.
G - Landslide Mitigation Measure Comparison
UIR Haz Mit Plan
Oregon Haz Mit Plan
Umatilla Co. Haz Mit Plan
|
|
Determination of further landslide review areas
|
Update Goal 7 of the Umatilla County Comprehensive
Plan with maps designating landslide prone areas or areas where the SS Overlay Zone
applies
|
|
|
Establish a method for verifying the adequacy of geotechnical site reports
|
Identify and implement mitigation measures
where important infrastructure for evacuation, emergency vehicle access, commodity
transport, information dissemination and utilities may be prone to damage from site
specific landslides
|
|
|
Organize
Oregon
and
Southern Washington
LIDAR Consortium
|
|
|
|
Mapping other landslide hazard
|
|
|
|
Seek funding for the installation and operation of additional precipitation gauges
(this action item may also be found in the flood chapter)
|
|
|
|
New maps of precipitation intensity
|
|
|
|
Acquire existing homes and businesses seriously threatened by landslide hazards
|
|
The Tribe has
no specific mitigation measures for landslides
H - Earthquake Mitigation Measure Comparison
UIR Haz Mit Plan
Oregon Haz Mit Plan
Umatilla
Co. Haz Mit Plan
|
Earthquake – 1
Conduct a study to determine which buildings
and infrastructure on the UIR face risks from an earthquake
Condu
|
Publicize and facilitate the implementation of both structural and non-structural
seismic mitigation measures for home owners, business owners, renters, and contractors,
including methods of reducing hazards
|
Complete county wide assessment of structures
vulnerable to earthquake damage. Attain
funding to retro-fit high priority structures
|
|
|
Encourage local governments to adopt programs for mitigation of existing, hazardous,
unsecured buildings elements, such as parapets
|
Support continuing work to identify all
fault patterns in
Umatilla County
|
|
|
Evaluate expected earthquake damage to existing lifelines and hydraulic structures,
including dams
|
|
|
|
Encourage the purchase of earthquake insurance
|
|
|
|
Use the current version of HAZUS to support hazard mitigation activities
|
|
|
|
Promote the reduction of non-structural hazards in K-12 schools
|
|
|
|
Adopt, exercise, and implement plans for facility safety inspections following earthquakes
|
|
|
|
Continue to provide regional ATC-20 post earthquake inspection training and certification
of qualified persons
|
|
|
|
Provide additional training relating to seismic design of structures and requirements
of the State Building Code relating to hazard mitigation
|
|
|
|
Establish a method for verifying the adequacy of geotechnical site reports
|
|
None of the mitigation
measures conflict.